မြန်မာ့မီးရထား
မြန်မာ့မီးရထား၏ သမိုင်းကြောင်း
မြန်မာ့မီးရထား
- ၁.၅.၁၈၇၇ ရက်နေ့တွင် Irrawaddy State Railway အနေဖြင့် ရန်ကုန်-ပြည် (၁၆၁)မိုင်အား A01 ရေနွေးငွေ့စက်ခေါင်းဖြင့် စတင်ပြေးဆွဲပြီး မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ၏ ပထမ ဦးဆုံးသော ရထား လမ်း ကို စတင် ဖွင့်လှစ်ခဲ့ပါသည်။
- ၁၈၉၆ ခုနှစ်တွင် Irrawaddy State Railway သည် Burma Railway Co., Ltd. သို့ ရထား သွားလာမှုနှင့် စီးပွားရေးဆိုင်ရာကိစ္စရပ်များ ဆောင်ရွက်နိုင်ရန် ငှားရမ်းခဲ့ပါသည်။ ငှားရမ်းခ ကာလ ကုန်ဆုံးသည့် ၃၁.၁၂.၁၉၂၈ ရက်နေ့မှစ၍ Indian Railway Board လက်အောက်သို့ လွှဲပြောင်း ပေးခဲ့ပါသည်။
- ၁၉၃၇ ခုနှစ်တွင် မြန်မာနိုင်ငံသည် အိန္ဒိယနိုင်ငံမှ ခွဲထွက်ခွင့် ရရှိသည်နှင့်အညီ မြန်မာ နိုင်ငံအစိုးရသည် Burma Railway Board ကို ဖွဲ့စည်းဆောင်ရွက်ခဲ့သည်။
- ၁၉၄၂ ခုနှစ်တွင် British Governor သည် Burma Railway Board ၏ တာဝန်နှင့် လုပ်ပိုင်ခွင့်များအား Chief Railway Commissioner သို့ လွှဲပြောင်းပေးခဲ့ပါသည်။
- ၄.၁.၁၉၄၈ ရက်နေ့ လွတ်လပ်ရေးရရှိပြီးနောက် ငွေစာရင်းမင်းကြီးအား (Financial Commissioner, Lands and Rural Development) Railway Board ၏ ဥက္ကဋ္ဌ (Chairman) အဖြစ် ခန့်အပ် တာဝန် ပေးခဲ့ပါသည်။
- ၁.၁၂.၁၉၅၁ ရက်နေ့တွင် ပြည်ထောင်စုမြန်မာနိုင်ငံ မီးရထားဘုတ်အဖွဲ့ အက်ဥပဒေ ပြဌာန်းပြီး ပြည်ထောင်စုမြန်မာနိုင်ငံ မီးရထားဘုတ်အဖွဲ့ (Union of Burma Railway) အား ဖွဲ့စည်း၍ အချိန်ပြည့် ဥက္ကဋ္ဌ ကို ခန့်အပ်တာ၀န်ပေးခဲ့ပါသည်။ အဆိုပါ ဥက္ကဋ္ဌသည် Chief Executive Officer တာဝန်ကိုပါ ထမ်းဆောင်ရပါသည်။
- ၁၉၇၂ ခုနှစ်တွင် မြန်မာ့မီးရထားကော်ပိုရေးရှင်း (Burma Railway Corporation) အမည်ဖြင့် ပြန်လည် ဖွဲ့စည်းခဲ့ပါသည်။ ဦးဆောင်ညွှန်ကြားရေးမှူး က ဦးဆောင်၍ စီမံခန့်ခွဲရေးကော်မတီဖြင့် စီမံအုပ်ချုပ် စေခဲ့ပါသည်။
- ၁၈.၈.၁၉၈၈ ရက်နေ့ နိုင်ငံတော်ငြိမ်ဝပ်ပိပြားမှုတည်ဆောက်ရေးအဖွဲ့က နိုင်ငံတော်၏ တာ၀န်ကို လွှဲပြောင်းရယူခဲ့ပြီးနောက် ၁.၄.၁၉၈၉ ရက်နေ့တွင် မြန်မာ့မီးရထား ဟု ပြင်ဆင်ဖွဲ့စည်းခဲ့ပါသည်။
- မြန်မာ့မီးရထား သည် ဗြိတိန်နိုင်ငံထက်(၅၂)နှစ်၊ အိန္ဒိယနိုင်ငံထက်(၂၄)နှစ် နောက်ကျပြီး ရထားလုပ်ငန်းကို စတင်ဆောင်ရွက်ခဲ့ရာ ၂၀၁၇ ခုနှစ်တွင်(၁၄၀)နှစ် ရှိခဲ့ပြီးဖြစ်ပါသည်။ အရှေ့တောင်အာရှနိုင်ငံ ရထား လုပ်ငန်းများတွင် သက်တမ်းရင့်သည့် ရထားလုပ်ငန်းတစ်ခု အဖြစ် တည်ရှိပါသည်။
The first railway line in Myanmar, between Yangon and Pyay, 161 miles apart, was opened on the 1st of May 1877,by the Ir-rawaddy State Railway. But in 1896, Irrawaddy StateRailway gave way to Burma Railways Co. Ltd. operating on a commercial basis and when the company's lease was ended on the 31st of December 1928, Burma Railways was placed under the Indian Railway Board.
Myanmar and India were separated in 1937 and theGovernment of Myanmar formed the Burma Railway Board to look after the af-fairs of the Myanmar Railways. In 1942 the British Governor took over the powers and functions of the Burma Railway Board and re-delegated these power to a body of persons with theChief Railway Commissioner as ex-officio president. This Railway Board continued to function until the 31st of December 1947.
On the 4th of January 1948, Myanmar gained independence, and a new Railway Board was instituted with Financial Commissioner, Lands and Rural Development, as Chairman. On the 1st of Decem-ber 1951, the Union of Burma Railway Board Act was enacted under which a full-time permanent Chairman was appointed,who was also to be the Chief Executive Officer.
The Union of Burma Railway was again reorganizedin 1972 and the power and the functions of the Union of theBurma Railway Board were entrusted into the hands of the management committee with the Managing Director who also was to be the Chief Executives as Chairman and the name, Union of Burma Railways was changed to the Burma Railways Corporation
The State Law and Order Restoration Council took over state power on 18th September 1988 and following the change of the So-cialist Republic of the Union of Burma to the Unionof Myanmar. The name Burma Railways Corporation was changed to Myanma railways on 1st April, 1989. (hereinafter referred to as " MR"). The name Union of Myanmar was changed to the Republicof the Union of Myanmar on 30th March 2011, the name of Myanma Railways was not changed.
Chronology
1st May 1877 Yangon - Pyay Line opened.
1st Mar 1880 Yangon - Suburban Line for goods traffic.
1st July 1885 Yangon - Taungoo Line opened.
1st Mar 1889 Taungoo - Mandalay Line extended.
1st Jan 1898 Mandalay - Myitkyina Line opened.
15th April 1900 Ywataung - Alon Line opened.
15th Dec 1902 Myohaung - Lashio Line opened.
1st Mar 1903 Hinthada - Pathein Line opened.
20th Mar 1903 Hinthada Letbadan Line opened.
12th Oct 1907 Bago - Mottama Line opened.
14th Dec 1908 Hinthada - Kyangin Line opened.
2nd May 1921 Thazi - Shwenyaung Line opened.
1st July 1922 Alon - Budalin Line opened.
16th April 1925 Mawlamyine - Ye Line opened.
5th Feb 1927 Mandalay - Madaya Line opened.
15th Aug 1929 Nyaunglebin - Madauk Line opened.
13th Jan 1930 Mandalay - Myingyan Line opened.
17th July 1930 Pyinmana - Kyaukpadaung Line opened.
1st May 1959 Yangon Circular Railway opened.
1st Mar 1969 Kyaukpadaung - Kyeeni Line opened.
27th Mar 1988 Thaton - Myinegalay line opened.
27th Mar 1989 Dabein - Hlelawin Line opened.
4th Jan 1990 Mandalay Western Circular Line opened.
1st May 1990 Eastern Circular Line opened.
15th Feb 1991 Tada U - Myotha Line opened.
27th Mar 1991 Shwenyaung - Yutsawk Line opened.
2nd June 1992 Mandalay- Circular (Hill) Line opened.
21st Feb 1992 Myotha - Wetlu Line opened.
9th May 1992 Wetlu - Nahtogyi Line opened.
8th Dec 1992 Nahtogyi - Myingyan Line opened.
7th Jan 1993 Aungban- Pinlong Line opened.
27th Mar 1993 Pinlong - Loikaw Line opened.
31st July 1993 Togyaunggale- Okkphosu Line opened.
30th Oct 1993 Chaung-U - Taw Kyaungyi Line opened.
12th Dec 1993 Pakhokku- Minywa Line opened.
13th Nov 1994 Pakhokku-Myaing-Myosoe Line opened.
18th Mar 1995 Myosoe-Zebya Line opened.
23rd Apr 1995 Kalay Natchaung Line opened.
1st May 1995 Nansan-Moene Line opened.
30th May 1995 Dawei-Yebyu Line opened.
5th Jan 1996 Myohaung-Myitnge Double Line opened.
5th Feb 1996 Natchaung-Gangaw Line opened.
26th Mar 1996 Myitkyina - Nampoung Airport opened.
4th June 1996 Banyin - Pharmon Line opened.
16th July 1996 Pyinmana - Kyitaungkan Double Line opened.
27th July 1996 Taunggyi - Pharmon Line opened.
18th Sept 1996 Bagan - Sakha (Myingan) Line opened.
24th Sept 1996 Ye (Chaungtaung) - Kaloggyi Line opened.
11th Feb 1997 Bagan - Kyaukpadaung Line opened.
9th Apr 1997 Zebyar - Kyaw Line opened.
22th May 1997 Aunglan - Satthwa (Taungtwingyi) Line opened.
17th July 1997 Gangaw – Yaymyetni Line opened.
14th Sept 1997 Pyay – Aunglan Line opened.
24th Dec 1997 Taunggyi - Shwenyaung Line opened.
26th Mar 1998 Yebyu – Paukpinkwin - Kaloggyi Line opened.
Myanma Railways 3 Myanma Railways4
15th Aug 1998 Danyingon - Hlawkar Double Line opened.
9th Apr 1999 Pyawbwe –Yanaung Line opened.
17th Apr 1999 Magwe - Taungtwingyi Line opened.
31st Aug 1999 Tada U-Mandalay Airport extension Line opened.
18th Sep 1999 Sin Phyu Shin Bridge approach (East/West) Line
9th Apr 2000 Butalin - Ye U - Khin U Line opened.
30th Apr 2001 Banyin - Hsighkhaung Line opened.
21st July 2002 Namsan - Mangsit Line opened.
27th Mar 2003 Hsighkhaung - Pyinthaya Line opened.
15th Nov 2003 Okaphosu-Thilawar Line opened.
25th Nov 2003 Approach Ye Bridge opened.
20th Mar 2004 Mongseik-Kaungsaing Line opened.
21st Mar 2004 Pyinthaya-Htiyee Line opened.
27th Nov 2004 Htiyee-Ponchaung Line opened.
1st Jan 2006 Ponchaung-Kaungsaing Line opened.
4th Mar 2006 Toegyaunggale-Dagon University Line opened.
17th Apr 2006 Thanlwin Bridge(Mawlamyaine)approach opened.
1st June 2006 Okkphosu-Yangon East University Lineopened.
25th June 2006 Myitnge-Kyaukse(Double Line) opened.
16th July 2006 Tharzi-Kunganyo Line opened.
27th Jan 2007 Kyaw-Yaymyetni Line opened.
21st April 2007 Daik U- Sittaung line opend.
17th May 2007 HlawKha – University of Computer line opend.
2nd Sept 2007 Kyeeni - Chauk line opend.
24th Nov 2007 Kyitaunggan – Kyaukse (Double Line) opend.
2nd Mar 2008 Kyangin - Ooshitpin line opend.
30th Nov 2008 Pyawbwe - Phaya Ngasu line opend.
22nd Mar 2009 Ooshitpin - Kamma line opend.
19th May 2009 Sittway - Yaychanpyin line opened.
17th Oct 2009 Kanma - Thayet line opened.
20th Nov 2009 Pakhokku - Kyungchaung line opened.
19th Dec 2009 Magway - Kanpya line opened.
2nd Jan 2010 Aungtha - Bawditahtaung line opened.
16th Jan 2010 Yanaung - ywataw line opened.
20th Feb 2010 Katha - Moetagyi line opened.
14th Mar 2010 Thayet - Minhla Line opened.
15th May 2010 Kyantaung - Ponarkyun - Yoetayoke Lineopened.
12th June 2010 Yawchaung - Seikphu Line opened.
.21st July 2010 Hinthada - Zalum Line opened.
22nd Aug 2010 Pyay (Shwetaga) - Paukkhaung Line opened.
18th Sep 2010 Minhla - Minbu Line opened.
9th Oct 2010 Seikphu - Sinphukyun Line opened.
19th Dec 2010 Kyaingtone - Wunkaung Line opened.
22nd Jan 2011 Minbu - Pwintphu Line opened.
26th Feb 2011 Kyunchaung - Daumgtha Line opened.
20th Mar 2011 Pathein(Begayet)-Eimme Line opened.
10th Apirl 2011 Yoetayoke - Kyauktaw Line opened.
4th June 2011 Dawei - Thayetchaung Line opened.
31st Dec 2011 Ayeyarwaddy Bridge (Pakokku)approach opened.
13rd March 2013 Ywataw-Natmauk opened.
11th May 2013 Ayeyawaddy Bridge(Malun)approach opened.
7th Feb 2014 Moetagyi-ChaungWa-Kyaukkyi opended
24th May 2014 Yangon(Hlaing Thar Yar)-Nyaung Htong-Saekug-Salon Opened.